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The present study aims to theoretically model and verify the mechanical behavior of electrospun fibers of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) reinforced by nanohydroxy apatite (nHAp) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF), the three composites designated as PVA/nHAp, PVA/CNF, and PVA/nHAp/CNF. Tensile tests and AFM nanoindentation studies were used to measure tensile modulus of electrospun scaffolds and single fibers...
In this paper, porous nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) films were utilized to produce water-resistant, porous cellulose films. Film porosities of ~ 50% were achieved through solvent exchange from water to acetone, and the resulting films were hydrophobized with an epoxy modifier in non-swelling conditions in acetone, yielding films that were non-wettable by water but permeable to water vapor. The mass...
The influence of lignin content on nanocellulosic fibril morphology, charge, colloidal stability and immobilization has been systematically investigated employing a series of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with varying residual lignin content and compared to those of NFC made from fully bleached pulp. The lignin-containing pulps were obtained from the fractionation of Eucalyptus globulus wood chips...
The fabrication of conductive composite hydrogels is still challenging mainly because of the heterogeneous distribution of conductivity across the structure. Carbon substrates are mostly used to induce conductivity in the polymer hydrogels. The first step towards an effective induction of conductivity is to reach a uniform dispersion of carbon within the hosting matrix. This paper describes a new...
In situ synthesis of Cu/Cu2O nanoparticles on the cotton fabric discussed in this study relies on adsorption of Cu2+-ions by carboxylate groups generated through the TEMPO-mediated oxidation of cellulose and their subsequent reduction by sodium borohydride. In order to establish the influence of aldehyde and carboxylate groups on the nanoparticles formation, the duration of TEMPO-mediated oxidation...
A robust and flexible cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-supported cryogel was prepared by chemical crosslinking method using γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and branched polyethylenimine (PEI). FT-IR, elemental analysis, EDS and solid state 13C NMR analysis revealed that the PEI had been successfully modified on cellulose via reacting with GPTMS. The obtained flexible cryogel displayed a three-dimensional...
Chemical pulp was prepared by the low-temperature, atmospheric pressure, and short reaction time pulping of Eucalyptus wood chips using a high-boiling-point solvent. The pulping conditions and pulp properties were evaluated. After the digestion of the Eucalyptus chips, pulp containing 6% residual lignin was obtained in 59.6% yield. It exhibited a low shive content and a sufficiently pulped appearance...
Micro and nanofibrillated celluloses are essentially one-dimensional high aspect ratio particulate materials, which can undergo two-dimensional layer (band) structuring under controlled ultralow rates of shear, typically ~ 0.01 s−1. Depending on the fibril aspect ratio this structure formation acts to develop internal strain within the gel matrix, inducing solid–liquid phase separation. By controlling...
Cellulose spheres were selected as an economical and biodegradable carrier for urease immobilization. The high crystallinity cellulose spheres (Ces) were crosslinked using citric acid and then oxidized using sodium periodate to produce aldehyde groups on the Ces surface that would bind covalently with the amino groups of urease through a Schiff base reaction. Ces, the obtained dialdehyde cellulose...
In this paper, preparation, characterization and adsorption properties of a new biocompatible cellulose-titania based nanocomposite (Cell-Com) made by the click reaction were investigated. FTIR, XRD, FESEM, BET, EDX and ICP-OES analyses were used to characterize the structure of Cell-Com. The adsorption behavior of the Cell-Com for the removal of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ ions from aqueous solutions was...
Diabetic patients with foot ulcer showed 150-fold increased risk of amputation, which is primarily caused by microbial infection. Silver ions are commonly incorporated into wound dressing to enhance the antimicrobial property. However, concerns have been expressed about the development of bacterial resistance to heavy metals. In this study, we evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of cellulose...
Activated carbon fiber (ACF) is widely used sorbent material for wastewater treatment. Three natural cellulosic fibres (kapok, cotton, and ramie) and three regenerated cellulosic fibres (bamboo fiber, viscose, and lyocell) are used to prepare ACFs using chemical activation. These ACFs are characterized using scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy...
As environmental-friendly and renewable materials, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), has great potential for replacing the poisonous chemicals. Herein, we investigate a green Pickering emulsion stabilized of CNCs by using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The preparation of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with controlled molecular weights and low Mw/Mn values were...
Natural polymers hydrogels were prepared by solution blending of gelatin, sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from pineapple peel, and cross-linking with CaCl2 and glutaraldehyde solutions. The prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope. The swelling behaviors and responsiveness...
The production of dissolving pulp from bamboo-willow (Salix salicaceae or Zhuliu in Chinese) was investigated. It is one of the new fast-growing tree species with strong cold resistance and can grow well in arid areas. Bamboo-willow chips were prehydrolyzed with phosphoric acid and subsequently pulped via the Kraft process. Phosphoric acid was used to dissolve hemicelluloses from bamboo-willow. The...
A photocatalyst consisting of a cellulose hydrogel loaded with CdxZn1−xS (CdxZn1−xS-Gel) was prepared, and its photocatalytic water splitting activity was studied. At room temperature, the CdxZn1−xS particles with an average size of about 3 nm were loaded in carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel by an in situ chemical reaction. This synthesis method was simple and repeatable. Diffuse reflectance UV–vis...
Catalysts play a key role in the production of cellulose acetate (CA). In this study, CA derived from bamboo cellulose (BC) was synthesized in a solution mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride that contains catalysts. The catalytic activities of three catalysts (i.e., sulfuric, methyl benzene sulfonic, and dodecyl benzene sulfonic acids) were investigated in terms of kinetics of acetylation,...
As worldwide agricultural production rises, agro-industrial biomass becomes an abundant raw source for uses in energy and materials production. In Colombia fique plants (Furcraea spp.) are traditionally used to extract hard cellulosic fibers using mechanical decortication. Juice, pulp and tow, the by-products of this process, represent almost 95% of the fique leaf weight and are produced in large...
A carbonaceous solid acid catalyst bearing weakly acidic carboxylic and phenolic functional groups was facilely prepared by the pyrolysis of cow dung followed by KOH activation. The prepared carbonaceous material showed low activity for the catalytic hydrolysis of raw cellulose in water (3.6% glucose yield). However, after the cellulose was pretreated by mixing with the carbonaceous catalyst in a...
A novel proton exchange membranes composed of a blend of chitosan and sulfonated polyvinylidene fluoride (SPVDF) was prepared by solution casting technique. The PVDF was sulfonated using direct sulfonation method with sulfonation degree of 6.1%. The membranes with different fractions of SPVDF were prepared and 10 wt% SPVDF exhibits the best performance in terms of ion exchange capacity, conductivity,...
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